See sugas on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 21 38 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 22 38 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sugar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present indicative of sugar"
],
"id": "en-sugas-gl-verb-UIPsk1jl",
"links": [
[
"sugar",
"sugar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sūgās",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "sūgās"
},
"expansion": "sūgās",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 21 38 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 22 38 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sūgō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active subjunctive of sūgō"
],
"id": "en-sugas-la-verb-RLPIZIlh",
"links": [
[
"sūgō",
"sugo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 21 38 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 22 38 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sugar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present indicative of sugar"
],
"id": "en-sugas-pt-verb-UIPsk1jl",
"links": [
[
"sugar",
"sugar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive singular of suga"
],
"id": "en-sugas-sv-noun-qHnVcXZG",
"links": [
[
"suga",
"suga#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"passive infinitive of suga"
],
"id": "en-sugas-sv-verb-y2pDgV6v",
"links": [
[
"suga",
"suga#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "suvas"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "suas"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-nor",
"word": "šuvaš"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "šuvaš"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "šuaš"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "suvas"
},
{
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"word": "sugaz"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "sugaz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćūka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūka-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शूक",
"3": "",
"4": "awn (of grain), bristle"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शूक (śūka, “awn (of grain), bristle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćūkā-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūkā-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁",
"t": "needle"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁 (sūkā, “needle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*suka",
"3": "*-s<id:nominal, -h->"
},
"expansion": "*suka + *-s",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Aikio (2020), borrowed either from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūka- (whence Sanskrit शूक (śūka, “awn (of grain), bristle”)) or from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūkā- (whence Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁 (sūkā, “needle”)). Alternatively, from *suka + *-s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sugas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sugastën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sugasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sugassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sugassëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Northern Finnic"
},
"expansion": "(Northern Finnic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sukas"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sugas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Proto-Finnic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-s (nominal, -h-)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bristle (stiff or coarse hair)"
],
"id": "en-sugas-urj-fin-pro-noun-ZtpJLbOr",
"links": [
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*harjas"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sugar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present indicative of sugar"
],
"links": [
[
"sugar",
"sugar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "sūgās",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "sūgās"
},
"expansion": "sūgās",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sūgō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active subjunctive of sūgō"
],
"links": [
[
"sūgō",
"sugo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sugar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present indicative of sugar"
],
"links": [
[
"sugar",
"sugar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "suvas"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "suas"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-nor",
"word": "šuvaš"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "šuvaš"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "šuaš"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "suvas"
},
{
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"word": "sugaz"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "sugaz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćūka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūka-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शूक",
"3": "",
"4": "awn (of grain), bristle"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शूक (śūka, “awn (of grain), bristle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćūkā-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūkā-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁",
"t": "needle"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁 (sūkā, “needle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*suka",
"3": "*-s<id:nominal, -h->"
},
"expansion": "*suka + *-s",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Aikio (2020), borrowed either from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūka- (whence Sanskrit शूक (śūka, “awn (of grain), bristle”)) or from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćūkā- (whence Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬐𐬁 (sūkā, “needle”)). Alternatively, from *suka + *-s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sugas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sugastën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sugasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sugassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sugassëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sukahitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Northern Finnic"
},
"expansion": "(Northern Finnic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sukas"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sugas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-s (nominal, -h-)"
],
"glosses": [
"bristle (stiff or coarse hair)"
],
"links": [
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*harjas"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms",
"Swedish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive singular of suga"
],
"links": [
[
"suga",
"suga#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms",
"Swedish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sugas",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"passive infinitive of suga"
],
"links": [
[
"suga",
"suga#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
}
],
"word": "sugas"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sugas meaning in All languages combined (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.